نامه 24: وصیت درباره دارایی خود · Letter 24

و من وصية له (عليه السلام) بما يعمل في أمواله كتبها بعد منصرفه من صفين

هَذَا مَا أَمَرَ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي مَالِهِ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ لِيُولِجَهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَ يُعْطِيَهُ بِهِ الْأَمَنَةَ.

مِنْهَا: فَإِنَّهُ يَقُومُ بِذَلِكَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِنْ حَدَثَ بِحَسَنٍ حَدَثٌ وَ حُسَيْنٌ حَيٌّ قَامَ بِالْأَمْرِ بَعْدَهُ وَ أَصْدَرَهُ مَصْدَرَهُ وَ إِنَّ لِابْنَيْ فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ عَلِيٍّ مِثْلَ الَّذِي لِبَنِي عَلِيٍّ وَ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا جَعَلْتُ الْقِيَامَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَي ابْنَيْ فَاطِمَةَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ وَ قُرْبَةً إِلَي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلي الله عليه وآله) وَ تَكْرِيماً لِحُرْمَتِهِ وَ تَشْرِيفاً لِوُصْلَتِهِ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَي الَّذِي يَجْعَلُهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتْرُكَ الْمَالَ عَلَي أُصُولِهِ وَ يُنْفِقَ مِنْ ثَمَرِهِ حَيْثُ أُمِرَ بِهِ وَ هُدِيَ لَهُ وَ أَلَّا يَبِيعَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ نَخِيلِ هَذِهِ الْقُرَي وَدِيَّةً حَتَّي تُشْكِلَ أَرْضُهَا غِرَاساً وَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ إِمَائِي اللَّاتِي أَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِنَّ لَهَا وَلَدٌ أَوْ هِيَ حَامِلٌ فَتُمْسَكُ عَلَي وَلَدِهَا وَ هِيَ مِنْ حَظِّهِ فَإِنْ مَاتَ وَلَدُهَا وَ هِيَ حَيَّةٌ فَهِيَ عَتِيقَةٌ قَدْ أَفْرَجَ عَنْهَا الرِّقُّ وَ حَرَّرَهَا الْعِتْقُ.

قال الشريف: قوله (عليه السلام) في هذه الوصية و ألا يبيع من نخلها ودية الودية الفسيلة و جمعها ودي. و قوله (عليه السلام) حتي تشكل أرضها غراسا هو من أفصح الكلام و المراد به أن الأرض يكثر فيها غراس النخل حتي يراها الناظر علي غير تلك الصفة التي عرفها بها فيشكل عليه أمرها و يحسبها غيرها.

This is what Ali ibn Abi Talib (the slave of Allah) has laid down about his property, in pursuance of seeking Allah's pleasure so that He may by virtue by virtue of it give him entry into Paradise and accord him peace. It will be administered by Hassan ibn Ali. He will take from it a suitable portion for his livelihood and spend it on charity. If something happens to Hassan, and if Husayn survives he will adminster it after Hasan, and deal with it accordingly. In the chariable estate of the two sons of Fatimah they have the same rights as the all (other) sons of Ali. I have laid down the (functions of) administration of the two sons of Fatimah in order to seek the pleasure of Allah bless him and his descendants with due regard for his honour and consideration of his kinship. It is obligatory on him who administers it that he retains the estate as it is, and spends the usufruct as he has been ordered and instructed. He should not sell the seedlings in the plantations of these villages till the land changes its face by turning them into plants. As for those of my slave maids who were under me, if any one of them has a child or is pregnant, she will be retained for the sake of the child and will form part of his share. If the child dies and she survives, then she is free, bondage is removed from her and liberty is given to her. Al-Sayyid al-Radi says: In this will in Amir al-Mu'minin's phrase "alla yabi a min nakhliha wadiyyatan", the word "wadiyyah"means seedling of date - palm and its plural is"wadiyy". And his words "hatta tushkila arduha ghirasan", is one of the most eloquent form of expression and it means that when a number of date plants grow on the land then he who had seen it before the growth would regard it as a different land.